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Some senior professors have asked to retire so as to _______________ (为……腾出空间) the younger and more promising teachers.
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According to some politicians and scholars, senior citizen discounts will ________.
A) make old people even more dependent on society
B) intensify conflicts between the young and the old
C) have adverse financial impact on business companies
D) bring a marked increase in the companies revenues
听力原文： In the United States, the average age of a college student used to be between eighteen and twenty-six years old. Not any more. Over the years, this has changed. Now many colleges and universities boast a large number of non-traditional students.
Many of these non-traditional students are older than the traditional students. Senior citizens are joining the ranks of non-traditional students on campuses throughout the United States. These non- traditional students frequently work during the day and go to school at night or on weekends. They may have started college after they graduated from high school, but later, because of family, or work responsibilities, had their education interrupted.
Traditional Students benefit from having older students in their classes. Senior citizens are excellent role models for some younger students who may not take college as seriously as they should. Senior attend college or the university, not because they have to, but because they want to. Some senior citizens take individual college courses only for personal enrichment. Others attend college to fulfill their lifelong dream of earning college degrees.
(33)
A．Under the ages of eighteen.
B．Between the ages of eighteen and twenty-six.
C．Between the ages of twenty-six and fifty-six.
D．Over sixty-five years of age.
Some afternoon in my senior year—shortly before
Graduation, the dean of the school came to me asking if I
wanted to stay in the department as a teacher.
I was not surprised by an offer. I happened to be one of the S1.______
students who were doing relatively well in my class and it
was a long establishing practice for the school to lure some of S2.______
the best students to be part of its future faculty.
The offer would seem to work out perfect for everybody if S3.______
I choose to stay in the teaching profession. For the school, it S4.______
was safe to keep someone it knew to be competent and trustworthy.
For me, I would not need to find a new position upon
graduation. The transition of a student to a teacher would be as S5.______
smooth as silk.
However, there was something unwholesome about this
arrangement. With many young teachers shared the same tutor S6.______
or a few tutors working together, the arrangement—academic
inbreeding in nature—would stunt variety and creativity.
Though the young teachers would ultimately become
"mature" and pursued their individual and independent S7.______
academic studies, for a long time they would have work S8.______
alongside their siblings from the same academic stripe.
What's worse, Chinese culture had long attached great
significance to respect or even revering teachers. Though S9.______
many teachers would be wise enough to welcome challenges
from their pupils, there would also be those narrow-minded
ones which, if given the chance, would make those working S10.______
trader their tutelage feel uncomfortable and prevent them from
expressing new ideas.
【S1】
Passage Three Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.
Age has its privileges in America. And one of the more prominent of them is the senior citizen discount. Anyone who has reached a certain age—in some cases as low as 55—is automatically entitled to a dazzling array of price reductions at nearly every level of commercial life. Eligibility is determined not by one’s need but by the date on one’s birth certificate. Practically unheard of a generation ago, the discounts have become a routine part of many businesses—as common as color televisions in motel rooms and free coffee on airliners.
People with gray hair often are given the discounts without even asking for them；yet, millions of Americans above age 60 are healthy and solvent (有支付能力的). Businesses that would never dare offer discounts to college students or anyone under 30 freely offer them to older Americans. The practice is acceptable because of the widespread belief that “elderly” and “needy” are synonymous (同义的). Perhaps that once was true, but today elderly Americans as a group have a lower poverty rate than the rest of the population. To be sure, there is economic diversity within the elderly, and many older Americans are poor, But most of them aren’t.
It is impossible to determine the impact of the discounts on individual companies. For many firms, they are a stimulus to revenue. But in other cases the discounts are given at the expense, directly or indirectly, of younger Americans. Moreover, they are a direct irritant in what some politicians and scholars see as a coming conflict between the generations.
Generational tensions are being fueled by continuing debate over Social Security benefits, which mostly involves a transfer of resources from the young to the old. Employment is another sore point, Buoyed (支持) by laws and court decisions, more and more older Americans are declining the retirement dinner in favor of staying on the job-thereby lessening employment and promotion opportunities for younger workers.
Far from a kind of charity they once were, senior citizen discounts have become a formidable economic privilege to a group with millions of members who don’t need them.
It no longer makes sense to treat the elderly as a single group whose economic needs deserve priority over those of others. Senior citizen discounts only enhance the myth that older people can’t take care of themselves and need special treatment； and they threaten the creation of a new myth, that the elderly are ungrateful and taking for themselves at the expense of children and other age groups. Senior citizen discounts are the essence of the very thing older Americans are fighting against-discrimination by age.
31. We learn from the first paragraph that ________.
A) offering senior citizens discounts has become routine commercial practice
B) senior citizen discounts have enabled many old people to live a decent life
C) giving senior citizens discounts has boosted the market for the elderly
D) senior citizens have to show their birth certificates to get a discount
听力原文： The medical world is gradually realizing that the quality of the environment in hospitals may play a significant role in the process of recovery from illness. As part of a nationwide effort in Britain to bring art out of the galleries and into public places, some of the country's most talented artists have been called in to transform. older hospitals and to "soften the hard edges of modern buildings". Of the 2500 National Health Service hospitals in Britain, almost 100 now have significant collections of contemporary art in corridors, waiting areas and treatment rooms.
All these owe a great deal to one artist, Peter Senior, who set up his studio at a Manchester hospital in northeastern England during the early 1970's. He felt the artist had lost his place in modern society, and that art should be enjoyed by a wider audience.
A typical hospital waiting room might have as many as 5000 visitors each week. What a better place to hold regular exhibitions of art! Senior held the first exhibition of his own paintings in the out-patient waiting area of the Manchester Royal Hospital in 1973. Believed to be Britain's first hospital artist, Senior was so much in demand that he was soon joined by a team of six young art school graduates.
The effect is striking. Now in the corridors and waiting rooms the visitor experiences a full view of fresh colors, playful images and restful courtyards. The quality of the environment may reduce the need for expensive drugs when a patient is recovering from an illness. A study has shown that patients who had a view onto a garden needed half the number of strong pain killers compared with patients who had no view at all or only a brick wail to look at.
(33)
A．The importance of the quality of the environment in hospitals.
B．The contribution of some artists to hospitals.
C．How to improve the environment in hospitals.
D．How patients recover from illness.
听力原文： Articles in magazines and newspapers and special reports on radio and television reflect the concern of many Americans about the increasing dropout rate in our junior and senior high schools. Coupled with this fact is the warning that soon we will no longer have workforce to fill the many jobs that require properly-educated personnel. The highest student dropout rate is not a recent development. Ten years ago, many urban schools were reporting dropout rates between 35 and 50 percent. Some administrators maintain that dropouts remain the single greatest problem in their schools. Consequently, much effort has been spent on identifying students with problems in order to give them more attention before they become failures. Since the dropout problem doesn't start in senior high school, special programs in junior high school focus on students who show promise but have a record of truancy, that is, staying away from school without permission. Under the guidance of counselors, these students are placed in classes with teachers who have had success in working with similar young people. Strategies to motivate students in high school include rewarding academic excellence by designating scholars of the month, or by issuing articles of clothing such as school letter jackets formally given only to athletes. No one working with these students claims to know how to keep all students in school. Counselors, teachers, and administrators are in the frontlines of what seems at times to be a losing battle. Actually, this problem should be everyone's concern, since uneducated, unemployed citizens affect us all.
(30)
A．It may produce an increasing number of idle youngsters.
B．It may affect the quality of higher education in America.
C．It may cause many schools to go out of operation.
D．It may lead to a lack of properly educated workers.
M：Sure．I'll be there in a minute．What is the matter？
W：(22)Many of our elderly customers have never tried to use our computerized banking services．Could you tell me why？
M：(23)Hmm．it could be that they might find it strange to use those computers or machines and they didn't like to ask for help．(24)Maybe we should offer some programs to show them how easy and convenient it is to use such devices as ATM．
W：It's a good idea．It will help those senior citizens to know better about the bank computers，to understand how it will save them from waiting in line during regular banking hours．
M：We could also arrange some of our staff to help those who might do their business with a computer while waiting in line．The customers would be happy to find．that they could enjoy a more efficient service．
W：(25)We could do that．How about a pamphlet or something to distribute on a Seniors'Day？ A beautiful booklet will enable them to learn how to handle the machines quickly．
M：Sounds good．Actually the elderly need more assistance and instruction in such modern matters．
W：(25)Let's Ko forward with it right now．I want our customers to know just how convenient the computers are and how much we care about their concerns．
M：Ok，I'll make some arrangements for that soon．
What does the woman want from Michael？
(23)
A．She wants Michael to check about the ATM service.
B．She wants to know why the elderly avoid using computerized banking services.
C．She wants Michael to have a try with their automatic banking services.
D．She wants more information about modern machines in banks.
M: Sure. I'll be there in a minute. What is the matter？
W: (22)Many of our elderly customers have never tried to use our computerized banking services. Could you tell me why？
M: (23)Hmm. it could be that they might find it strange to use those computers or machines and they didn't like to ask for help. (24)Maybe we should offer some programs to show them how easy and convenient it is to use such devices as ATM.
W: It's a good idea. It will help those senior citizens to know better about the bank computers, to understand how it will save them from waiting in line during regular banking hours.
M: We could also arrange some of our staff to help those who might do their business with a computer while waiting in line. The customers would be happy to find that they could enjoy a more efficient service.
W: (25)We could do that. How about a pamphlet or something to distribute on a Seniors' Day？ A beautiful booklet will enable them to learn how to handle the machines quickly.
M: Sounds good. Actually the elderly need more assistance and instruction in such modern matters.
W: (25)Let's go forward with it right now．I want our customers to know just how convenient the computers are and how much we care about their concerns．
M: Ok. I'll make some arrangements for that soon.
(23)
A．She wants Michael to check about the ATM service.
B．She wants to know why the elderly avoid using computerized banking services.
C．She wants Michael to have a try with their automatic banking services.
D．She wants more information about modern machines in banks.
Although the climb up the corporate ladder seems to be going
slowly for woman, corporate America would benefit from having
more women in senior management positions. Not only did 【S1】______
woman represent a large untapped (末开发的) pool of talent, they
also bring an alternate perspective to management teams. In 【S2】______
addition, women account with about 80 percent of U.S. consumer 【S3】______
spending, making their input at the executive level unvaluable. 【S4】______
Industry experts have pinpointed several stumbling block to 【S5】______
women's progress up to the corporate ladder. Among these barriers
are the stereotypes and preconceived notions of women what some 【S6】______
men in managerial positions still bring to the recruiting process. In
addition, because women are often included from the informal 【S7】______
network outside the office—for example, by not giving seasons 【S8】______
tickets to sporting events and by not being invited to play golf
they miss out on the opportunity to build relationships. Other
impediments include difficulties in balancing between career and 【S9】______
family, lack of general management experience, reluctant to travel 【S10】______
or to relocate, and inhospitable corporate cultures that drive
women away before they are ready for executive positions.
【S1】
听力原文： Life in the twentieth century must demand preparations. Today, all individuals in a country must have adequate schooling to prepare them for their work as well as for their responsibilities as citizens. With this faith in mind, national leaders everywhere placing more emphasis on the education of the young.
In the United States, government officials, parents, and teachers are working hard to give the children tomorrow's decision - makers best preparation available.
There is no national school policy in the United States. Each of the fifty states makes its own rules and regulations for its schools, but there are many similarities among the fifty school systems. Public schools in all states are supported by taxes paid by the citizens of the individual state. In most states the children are required to attend school until they reach the age of sixteen.
When they become six years old, children begin elementary school. After six years in elementary, they go into junior high school and remain there for three years. The last three years of their public school education are spent in senior high school from which they graduate at the age of eighteen.
A great number of high school graduates continue their education in one of the many colleges or universities in the country. After four years, they receive a bachelor's degree. Some continue studying for a master's degree and perhaps a doctor's degree.
(30)
A．School and Education.
B．Individuals in the United States.
C．Responsibilities as Citizens.
D．Tomorrow's Decision- makers.
