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Experts in education and gerontology（老人医学) say that the number of retired Americans wh

Experts in education and gerontology(老人医学) say that the number of retired Americans who are spending time—or planning to—on educational pursuits is growing fast. The trend is driven by such factors as increased longevity, people enjoying more years of good health, and a growing realization by many that a retirement into passivity is not only boring but can lead to atrophy(萎缩) of both mind and body. The federal government estimated in 2001 that additional life expectancy for a 65-year-old was 16.4 years for men and 19.4 years for women. That's a lot of time to fill if you're not working and in good health.

Certainly, educational opportunities aimed at the 65-and-older set aren't new. The first" lifelong learning institute" targeted specifically at retirees opened in 1962 at the New School for Social Research in New York, and there are many others that have been around for two decades or more. What's new is the tremendous variety of learning opportunities and places available for those who approach retirement. The options range from one-shot lectures, discussion classes, or day trips organized by a local college or retirement home.

Educational travel is appealing because it combines the exploration of a new place with deepening your understanding of its history, geology, or literature. For those who prefer to stay close to home, many campus-based pro grams are available that offer a college-level curriculum but don't have grades or tests. Perhaps the ultimate commitment to lifelong learning is moving into a retirement community affiliated with an educational institution. For folks who like the idea of living in a campus environment, several retirement villages are built near campuses in Ohio, New York, Virginia, Pennsylvania, and New Hampshire. The programs give residents' access to campus activities, al low them to attend or teach classes, as well as work on joint-research projects with undergrads, graduates, or faculty.

In our shorter-lived-parents' generation, people were often satisfied to define retirement in terms of what they weren't doing—namely, working. But with the possibility of 20 or more years ahead after leaving your primary job or profession, you owe it to yourself to find a positive, enjoyable way to spend your time. Continuing education might be the answer. Not only do you not have to take tests or pull an all-nighter to struggle for a good grade, you can study any topic you want, almost anywhere in the world—and on your own schedule.

More Americans are taking up education after retirements partly because ______.

A．they want to learn what they have no time to learn before retirement

B．they retire at an earlier age with more years left to learn

C．they are more wealthy to afford to continue the education

D．they find learning is a good way to fight against the process of aging

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更多“Experts in education and geron…”相关的问题
第1题
听力原文：In 1968, the city of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, had a problem. The city's school

听力原文： In 1968, the city of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, had a problem. The city's school system needed a new school building and teachers but did not have the money to pay for this multi-million-dollar project. City officials solved the problem in a unique way. They decided to use the many scientific and cultural institutions in the city and the classrooms. Experts who worked in the various institutions would be the teachers. About 100 institutions in Philadelphia--public, private, and commercial--helped the Program. The experiment in education, known as the Parkway Program, began in February 1969. John Bremer, an Englishman and education innovator, planned the program and became its director. The Program had grown in size from 142 to 500 high school students and is so popular that thousands of applicants are denied places each year. The Program gives a freedom to high school education never known before. Besides basic courses required for a diploma--languages, history, science--students may choose from more than a hundred other courses. Any subject will be offered if an instructor can be found. Every group of 15 boys and girls belong to a "tutorial group", led by a teacher and one assistant. Students in the Program say that school is no longer a place but an interesting activity.

(33)

A．City officials.

B．Experts in various institutions.

C．Newly-graduated university students.

D．Some famous scientists.

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第2题
听力原文： Sex education is a serious scientific subject, which is as important as the o
ther sciences and arts subjects, even if it is not included in the exams, especially the college entrance examination. It shouldnt be overlooked or banned in school curriculums. Instead of being regarded as a sinful subject, it should be treated with the right attitude. In China, for thousands of years, people have felt shy and embarrassed when talking about sex, which becomes a mysterious thing in peoples view. Affected by this cultural tradition and social customs, people hold a negative attitude towards it. That is why sex education is never allowed to enter schools in an open and broad manner. As a result, few people have a correct and scientific knowledge about sex. Many teenagers know very little about sex. Driven by the forces of instinct or curiosity, they commit many crimes because of ignorance, e.g. illegal teen pregnancy, taking drugs, contracting sexual diseases. They become the innocent victims due to lack of sex education. Cant this be said to be the tragedy of our education and nation？ Sex education is not new in the schools of Western countries, beginning as early as kindergarten and continuing into high school. Comprehensive sex education programmes generally cover the biology of reproduction, the psychology of relationships, and the sociology of the family. These courses leading to straight talk about a variety of subject have neither produced many negative impacts on the mental, physical and psychological development of the teenagers, nor resulted in many social troubles. It is clear that the teachers and parents cant perpetuate myths that could prevent childrens healthy sexual development. Under the proper guidance of the teachers and experts, students will grow into healthy-minded citisens and decrease the chances to see psychological doctors. Questions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard. 23. Why do Chinese people hold a negative attitude towards sex education？ 24. What can we infer from the passage？ 25. What is the main topic of the passage？23．

A．Many people will still regard sex education as embarrassing.

B．Proper sex education is mentally helpful for teenagers" growth.

C．Teenagers" chances to see psychological doctors have increased.

D．Without the proper guidance of the teachers, no teenagers will grow healthily.

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第3题
Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage. British universities, groaning unde
r the burden of a huge increase in student numbers, are warning that the tradition of a free education is at risk. The universities have threatened to impose an admission fee on students to plug a gap in revenue if the government does not act to improve their finances and scrap some public spending cutbacks.

The government responded to the universities’ threat by setting up the most fundamental review of higher education for a generation, under a non-party troubleshooter (调停人)，Sir Ron Dearing.

One in three school-leavers enters higher education, five times the number when the last review took place thirty years ago.

Everyone agrees a system that is feeling the strain after rapid expansion needs a lot more money-but there is little hope of getting it from the taxpayer and not much scope for attracting more finance from business.

Most colleges believe students should contribute to tuition costs, something that is common elsewhere in the world but would mark a revolutionary change in Britain. Universities want the government to introduce a loan scheme for tuition fees and have suspended their own threatened action for now. They await Dearing’s advice, hoping it will not be too late-some are already reported to be in financial difficulty.

As the century nears its end, the whole concept of what a university should be is under the microscope. Experts ponder how much they can use computers instead of classrooms, talk of the need for lifelong learning and refer to students as “consumers.”

The Confederation (联盟) of British Industry, the key employers’ organization, wants even more expansion in higher education to help fight competition on world markets from booming Asian economies. But the government has doubts about more expansion. The Times newspaper egress, complaining that quality has suffered as student numbers soared, with close tutorial supervision giving way to “mass production methods more typical of European universities.”

第21题：The chief concern of British universities is ________.

A) how to tackle their present financial difficulty

B) how to expand the enrollment to meet the needs of enterprises

C) how to improve their educational technology

D) how to put an end to the current tendency of quality deterioration

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第4题
One of the greatest concerns parents have when facing an international move is. "What scho
ol will be available to my child？ Will my child be disadvantaged academically as a result of this move？" Although this fear is certainly strongest ill families 【C1】______ overseas for the first time, even those who may be more 【C2】______ often have concerns about their children's education.

Dr. Ernest Mannino spoke 【C3】______ about some of the common 【C4】______ parents have 【C5】______ the education of their children. Dr. Mannino 【C6】______ parents against making assumptions about their children's education. To make a(n) 【C7】______ choice, parents need to think through schooling issues and to research post schools in 【C8】______ of a move.

Children who are internationally 【C9】______ have many choices of schools to attend. In most major cities, there are schools 【C10】______ on the US, French, German, and British systems. Some parents also choose to become their children's teachers through 【C11】______ education. Which school is appropriate for your child is an 【C12】______ decision based on many factors.

One of the 【C13】______ factors that should be considered is what type of college or university your child will attend after high school. Some parents want a(n) 【C14】______ education instead of just an education within an American system school and 【C15】______ , they have the opportunity to go to these types of schools. But what parents must keep in mind is whether this school will best prepare your child 【C16】______ education beyond high school.

Parents may be tempted to 【C17】______ their children's school system in order to 【C18】______ cross-cultural understanding, but many experts suggest just the opposite. Mannino warns that differences in the order of curriculum exist in the high school grades; 【C19】______ your child from one academic system to another during this time can 【C20】______ a child academically. At the very least, the parent should learn what the differences in curriculum are and try to keep the child in one system for all of the high school years.

【C1】

A．staying

B．continuing

C．moving

D．convincing

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第5题
听力原文：M: We reached directly out to both school administrators to find how they are off
setting tuition, and then reaching out to students, who we consider college experts, and asking them about the value for their education and what financial value they are getting for that education.

W: Some of this is objective and some subjective.

M: Exactly. It's both qualitative and quantitative. We got 160,000 students through our website princetonreview.com. Questions are basically in three aspects, overall academic, cost and financial aid, like what it takes to get into those 150 schools, exactly what they thought the academic experience was in the classroom. Were their professors good teachers？ Are they accessible inside and outside the classroom？

W: So what have you found？

M: Not only the administrators for lots of these schools, but students are saying it's of great academic value as well.

W: What's the criterion of this Tuition GPA？

M: Tuition GPA is that we are looking for overall financial aid. What does that school do to bring down their sticker price to a manageable number？ How much aid are they giving out？ What is the average debt for each student once they graduate？ Do students think it of financial aid value？ What are they actually getting？

W: You suggest that sticker shock is one of the biggest misunderstandings when people are searching for colleges.

M: It is, doubtless. What we've found is most people will cross a school off their list because it has a high sticker price, which is totally a wrong thing to do. Schools that charge a lot of money can be very aggressive about giving out large financial aid packages to their students, tike grant money, free money, and scholarship.

W: So always look a little bit deeper into the hole.

(23)

A．What do school administrators do to provide financial aid to students？

B．What do students think about the academic value of school education？

C．How can students find a suitable school with large financial packages？

D．What exactly can students gain from their college education？

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第6题
听力原文： For good or bad, computers are now part of our daily lives. With the price of a
small home computer now being lower, experts predict that before long all schools and businesses and most families in the rich parts of the world will own a computer of some kind. Among the general public, computers amuse strong feelings--people either love them or hate them.

The computer lovers talk about how useful computers can rein business, in education and in the home--apart from all the games, you can do your accounts on them, use them to control your control heating, and in some places even do your shopping with them. Computers, they say, will also bring some leisure, as more and more unpleasant jobs are taken over by computerized robots.

The haters, on the other hand, argue that computers bring not leisure but unemployment. They worry, too, that people who spend all their time talking to computers will forget how to talk to each other. And anyway, they ask, what's wrong with going shopping and learning languages in classroom with real teachers？ But their biggest fear is that computers may eventually take over human, beings altogether.

(28)

A．Computers have become part of our daily lives.

B．Computers have advantages as well as disadvantages.

C．People have different attitudes to computers.

D．More and more families will own computers.

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第7题
Are some people born clever, and others born stupid？ Or is intelligence（智力)developed

Are some people born clever, and others born stupid？ Or is intelligence(智力)developed by our environment and our experiences？ Strangely enough, the answer to both questions is yes. To some extent our intelligence is given to us at birth and no amount of special education can make a genius out of a child born with low intelligence. On the other hand, a child who lives in a boring environment will develop his intelligence less than one who lives in rich and varied surroundings. Thus the limits of a person’s intelligence are fixed at birth, but whether or not he reaches those limits will depend on his environment. This view, now held by most experts, can be supported in a number of ways. It is easy to show that intelligence, to some extent, is something we are born with. The closer the blood relationship between two people, the closer they are likely to be in intelligence. Thus if we take two unrelated people at random from the population, it is likely that their degrees of intelligence will be completely different. If on the other hand we take two identical twins(双胞胎)they will very likely be as intelligent as each other. Relations like brothers and sisters, parents and children, usually have similar intelligence, and this clearly suggests that intelligence depends on birth. Imagine now that we take two identical twins and put them in different environments. We might send one, for example, to university and the other to a factory where the work is boring. We would soon find differences in intelligence developing, and this indicates that environment as well as birth plays a part. This conclusion is also suggested by the fact that people who live in close contact with each other, but who are not related at all, are likely to have similar degrees of intelligence.

1.The writer is in favor of the view that man’s intelligence is given to him ().

A.at birth

B.through education

C.both at birth and through education

D.neither at birth nor through education

2.If a child is born with low intelligence, he will ().

A.never become a genius

B.still become a genius if he is given special education

C.exceed(超过)his intelligence limits in rich surroundings

D.not reach his intelligence limits in his life

3.In the second paragraph," if we take two unrelated people at random from the population" means if we ().

A.pick up any two persons

B.choose two persons who are relatives

C.take out two different persons

D.choose two persons with different intelligence

4.The example of the twins put in different environments is to show ().

A.the importance of their intelligence

B.the influence of environment on intelligence

C.the importance of their positions

D.the part that birth plays

5.The best title for this passage is ().

A.Surroundings

B.Intelligence

C.Dependence on Environment

D.Effect of Education

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第8题
A person can be good at critical thinking, meaning that the person can have the appropriat
e dispositions and be adept at the cognitive processes, while still not being a good (in the moral sense) critical thinker. For example, a person can be adept at developing arguments and then, unethically, use this skill to mislead and exploit a gullible (易受骗的) person, perpetrate (作恶) a fraud, or deliberately confuse and confound (挫败), and frustrate a project.

The experts were faced with an interesting problem. Some, a minority, would prefer to think that critical thinking, by its very nature, is inconsistent with the kinds of unethical and deliberately counterproductive examples given. They find it hard to imagine a person who was good at critical thinking not also being good in the broader personal and social sense. In other words, if a person were "really" a "good critical thinker" in the procedural sense and if the person had all the appropriate dispositions, then the person simply would not do those kinds of exploitive and aggravating things.

The large majority, however, hold the opposite judgment. They are firm in the view that good critical thinking has nothing to do with any given set of ethical values or social mores. The majority of experts maintain that critical thinking conceived of as we have described it above, is, regrettably, not inconsistent with its unethical use. A tool, an approach to situations, these can go either way, ethically speaking, depending on the character, integrity, and principles of the persons who possess them. So, in the final analysis the majority of experts maintained that "it is an inappropriate use of the term to deny that someone is engaged in critical thinking on the grounds that one disapproves ethically of what the person is doing. What critical thinking means, why it is of value, and the ethics of its use are best regarded as three distinct concerns.

Richard Paul describes two beneficial dispositions that are encouraged (but not guaranteed) by critical thinking education:

"Fair-minded thinkers take into account the interests of everyone affected by the problem and proposed solutions. They are more committed to finding the best solution than to getting their way." And a critical thinker "has confidence that, in the long nm, one's own higher interests and those of human kind at large will be best served by giving the freest play to reason, despite the deep-seated obstacles in the native character of the human mind and in society as we know it."

Yes, reason is useful, it is noble and desirable, it should be highly valued and carefully developed. But we should keep things in perspective, regarding what reason can accomplish. Probably most of us will agree with Paul (about the value of critical thinking) but also with the majority of experts (that becoming skilled at critical thinking does not guarantee that this powerful tool will always be used for the benefit of others).

A person who is good at critical thinking is______.

A．a good critical thinker

B．skilled at projects

C．good at arguments

D．unlikely to deceive people

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第9题
听力原文：For good or bad, computers are now part of our daily lives. With the price of a s

听力原文： For good or bad, computers are now part of our daily lives. With the price of a small home computer now being lower, experts predict that before long all schools and businesses and most families in the rich parts of the world will own a computer of some kind. Among the general public, computers amuse strong feelings--people either love them or hate them.

The computer lovers talk about how useful computers can rein business, in education and in the home--apart from all the games, you can do your accounts on them, use them to control your control heating, and in some places even do your shopping with them. Computers, they say, will also bring some leisure, as more and more unpleasant jobs are taken over by computerized robots.

The haters, on the other hand, argue that computers bring not leisure but unemployment. They worry, too, that people who spend all their time talking to computers will forget how to talk to each other. And anyway, they ask, what's wrong with going shopping and learning languages in classroom with real teachers？ But their biggest fear is that computers may eventually take over human, beings altogether.

(37)

A．Computers have become part of our daily lives.

B．Computers have advantages as well as disadvantages.

C．People have different attitudes to computers.

D．More and more families will own computers.

点击查看答案
第10题
Questions are based on the following passage. Prior to the 20th century， many languages

Questions are based on the following passage.

Prior to the 20th century， many languages with small numbers of speakers survivedfor centuries. The increasingly interconnected modern world makes it much moredifficult for small language communities to live in relative isolation， a key factor inlanguage maintenance and preservation.

It remains to be seen whether the world can maintain its linguistic and culturaldiversity in the centuries ahead. Many powerful forces appear to work against it:population growth， which pushes migrant populations into the world"s last isolatedlocations; mass tourism; global telecommunications and mass media; and the spread ofgigantic global corporations. All of these forces appear to signify a future in which thelanguage of advertising， popular culture， and consumer products become similar. AlreadyEnglish and a few other major tongues have emerged as global languages of commerceand communication. For many of the world"s peoples， learning one of these languages isviewed as the key to education， economic opportunity， and a better way of life.

Only about 3，000 languages now in use are expected to survive the coming century.

Are most of the rest doomed in the century after that？ Whether most of these languagessurvive will probably depend on how strongly cultural groups wish to keep their identityalive through a native language. To do so will require an emphasis on bilingualism（mastery of two languages）. Bilingual speakers could use their own language in smallerspheres —— at home， among friends， in community settings —— and a global language atwork， in dealings with government， and in commercial spheres. In this way， many smalllanguages could sustain their cultural and linguistic integrity alongside global languages，rather than yield to the homogenising （同化的） forces of globalisation.

Ironically， the trend of technological innovation that has threatened minoritylanguages could also help save them. For example， some experts predict that computersoftware translation tools will one day permit minority language speakers to browse theInternet using their native tongues. Linguists are currently using computer-aided learningtools to teach a variety of threatened languages.

According to the passage， minority languages can be best preserved ___________. 查看材料

A.in the interconnected modern world

B.in relatively isolated language communities

C.if cultural groups wish to keep their native languages

D.if minority language speakers insist on using their own languages

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