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[单选题]

When craftsmen exchanged cloth or pots（)the grain,stones were taken away from the pile

A.to

B.into

C.for

D.with

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更多“When craftsmen exchanged cloth…”相关的问题

第1题

听力原文： Advertising is the tool that has always been used to convince the public to b

uy products. In the beginning, it was a basic and crude tool. Craftsmen cried out to passers-by, telling the quality of their products. Today, newspapers, magazines, radio, and television use a variety of means to introduce the public to many products developed through technology. The Romans started using recorded advertisements. They smoothed and whitened areas on a wall where advertisements could be written or carved. In the Middle Ages, people continued to use verbal announcements and written messages, but a new form. of advertising, using symbols, was developed as well. Shops displayed a special symbol to indicate what goods or services could be found inside. The Industrial Revolution caused an explosion in the advertising field. The abundance of luxury goods, coming both from new inventions and from trade with different parts of the world, meant that consumers had to be told more about products than ever before. They had to be persuaded that they needed all these new products and that one product was superior to its many competitors. The buying public was soon being exposed to endless amounts of advertising. Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard. 22. What is the passage mainly about？ 23. How did early craftsmen advertise their products？ 24. Who first started using written advertisements？ 25. When did advertising first boom？23．

A．By door to door advertising.

B．By using symbols.

C．By verbal announcements.

D．By written messages.

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第2题

The passage mainly discusses ________.A) the limitations of eye contactB) the excha

The passage mainly discusses ________.

A) the limitations of eye contact

B) the exchange of ideas through eye contact

C) proper behavior. in situations

D) the role of eye contact in interpersonal communication

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第3题

The passage indicates that all of the following are used by Melanesian craftsmen EXCEPT___

___.

A．shell

B．stone

C．bone

D．metal

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第4题

According to the passage, the coconut palm provides for the islands______.A．the exclusive

According to the passage, the coconut palm provides for the islands______.

A．the exclusive basis of their material culture

B．the important object of religious worship

C．the principal source for craftsmen's ornaments

D．an important factor in a culture based on forest products

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第5题

听力原文：In the Middle Ages, the Italian city of Venice assumed its role as the glassmakin

听力原文： In the Middle Ages, the Italian city of Venice assumed its role as the glassmaking centre of the western world. The Venetian merchant fleet ruled the Mediterranean waves and helped supply Venice's glass craftsmen with the technical know-how of their counterparts in Syria, and with the artistic influence of Islam. The importance of the glass industry in Venice can be seen in the number of craftsmen at work there(more than 8,000 at one point).

Until the end of the 13th century, most glassmaking in Venice took place in the city itself. However, the frequent fires caused by the furnaces led the city authorities, in 1291, to order the transfer of glassmaking to the island of Murano. The measure also made it easier for the city to keep an eye on what was one of its main assets, ensuring that no glassmaking skills or secrets were exported.

In the second half of the 15th century, the craftsmen of Mnrano started using quartz sand and potash made from sea plants to produce particularly pure crystal. By the end of the 16th century, 3,000 of the island's 7,000 inhabitants were involved in some way in the glassmaking industry.

(30)

A．Its merchant fleet ruled the Mediterranean.

B．The secrets of Syria's glassmaking were known by Venice's craftsmen.

C．Venice's glassmaking industry was artistically influenced by Islam.

D．It had more than 8,000 craftsmen at one point.

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第6题

To Pacific people the coconut palm is tile Tree of Life, and life itself often depends on

its presence. This versatile and ubiquitous (到处出现的) tree still keeps to itself the mystery of its geographical origins. Scientists may have theories, but most Pacific islanders believe that the coconut palm is of supernatural origin. Stray palms on uninhabited isles or in remote island valleys may appear wild and neglected to stranger, but chances are that some local family is watching and using them.

On the other hand, the material culture of the islands is based on forest products in general, not just the coconut. Melanesian craftsmen fashion their goods from bark, fiber, wood, and other plant parts. Stone, shell, and bone are found in great variety, feathers and shell are seen as ornaments. But it is the plants which form. the structural materials or architecture and artifacts. Among Melanesia's varied cultures, that of New Guinea's Speak River area is one of the richest in artifacts. An important source is the annual festival marking the harvest of the yam crop, a hill-country staple. Yams of special size and character represent spirits of the dead, and the quality of a man's yam crop is a measure of his prestige and his virility (男子气概). A man and his family may not eat their own produce but must give it to a family of a non-related clan. Each phase of the growing cycle of the yam is marked with ceremonies and festivities culminating in the great harvest festival when the village square is filled with piles of yams. Many of the finest specimens are adorned with painted masks, feather headdresses, and jewelry. Each man or the tribe, similarly adorned, extols (赞美,颂扬) the virtues of his yams in extravagant oratory (辞藻华丽的言语), climaxing his presentation by pronouncing the name the family who is to receive his crop.

The passage suggests that the coconut palm is thought of by Pacific peoples as______.

A．a divine (上帝或神赐予的) girl

B．unique to their part of the world

C．the enter of their harvest festivals

D．an essentially decorative tree

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第7题

听力原文：Back in those primitive times it was unnecessary to have a special form. of excha

听力原文： Back in those primitive times it was unnecessary to have a special form. of exchange value for everything, like a price. In thee times the only things that were really valuable were the skills to sat vive. But as society became more complex, people depend more on others who were living far away; then it became important for people to develop some method for exchanging value without having to ex change the actual goods.

This need to develop a method for exchanging value was what led to the use of money. Money was a means of exchanging value without having to actually exchange the specific things you wanted. Before the use of money, people had to trade things with each other, and it was usually very difficult to decide what everything was worth in relation to each other. If you had three animals skins and your friend had two pots of dried betas, how did you know how many skins were equivalent to a pet of beans if they didn't have a price？ With the introduction of money, all things could begin to hate a common value that everybody could know about. This led to a standardized set of values among people. As the power of money increased, values that were different from the majority were no longer recognized. The value of something in terms of money became the ultimate value. In order for money to function, the whole society has to agree on the same values.

(30)

A．Life was easy and food was easy to find.

B．People care more about how to survive.

C．The people took care of each other out of love.

D．There are many developed individual monetary systems.

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第8题

The standard of living of any country means the average person's share of the goods and se

rvices which the country produces. A country's standard of living, therefore, depends on its 【C1】______ to produce wealth. Wealth, in this sense, is not money, 【C2】______ we do 【C3】______ live on money but on things that money can buy: "goods" such as food and clothing, and "services" such as transport and 【C4】______ . A country' s capacity to 【C5】______ wealth is influenced by many factors, 【C6】______ have an effect on one another. Wealth is dependent 【C7】______ a great extent 【C8】______ a country's natural resources. Some regions are 【C9】______ in coal and minerals, and have a fertile soil and a (n) 【C10】______ climate; other regions possess perhaps only one of these things, and some regions have 【C11】______ of them. The U. S. A. is one of the wealthiest regions of the world 【C12】______ she has vast natural resources within her borders. The Sahara Desert on the other hand, is one of the 【C13】______ wealthy. 【C14】______ to natural resources comes the ability to turn them to use. China is perhaps as 【C15】______ off as the U. S. A. in natural resources, but suffered from civil and 【C16】______ wars, and for this and other reasons was unable to 【C17】______ her resources. Another important factor is the technical efficiency of a country's people. Old countries that have numerous skilled craftsmen are better 【C18】______ to produce wealth than countries whose workers are largely unskilled. Furthermore, wealth also produces wealth. As a country becomes wealthier its people can put their savings into factories and machines, 【C19】______ which more goods will help workers to 【C20】______ more goods.

【C1】

A．potential

B．faculty

C．capability

D．capacity

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第9题

A Reading is not the only way to gain knowledge of the work in the past. There is anot

her large reservoir (知识库 ) which may be called experience, and the college student will find that every craftsman (工匠 ) has something he can teach and will generally teach gladly to any college student who does not look down upon them . The information from them differs from (不同于 ) that in textbooks and papers chiefly in that its theoretical (理论的 ) part -- the explanations of why things happen -- is frequently quite fantastic (神奇的 ) . But the demonstration (示范 ) and report of what happens , and how it happens are correct even if the reports are in completely unscientific terms (术语 ). Presently the college student will learn, in this case also, what to accept and what to reject. One important thing for a college student to remember is that if Aristotle could talk to the fish

1.Which of the following statements is supported by the passage？ ()

A、The college students have trouble separating good plants from wild grass

B、Craftsman s experience is usually unscientific

C、The contemptuous (傲慢的 ) college students will receive nothing from craftsmen

D、Traditional practices are as important as experience for the college student

2.The main idea of this passage is about ().

A、what to learn from the parents

B、how to gain knowledge

C、why to learn from craftsman

D、how to deal with experience

3.From this passage we can infer that ().

A、we ll invite the craftsman to teach in the college

B、schools and books are not the only way to knowledge

C、scientific discoveries late based on personal experience

D、discoveries and rediscoveries are the most important source of knowledge for a college student

4.In the last paragraph the phrase "this wide, confused wilderness" refers to ().

A、personal experience

B、wild weeds among good plants

C、the information from the parents ？the vast store of

D、traditional practices

5.The author advises the college student to () .

A、be contemptuous to the craftsman

B、be patient in helping the craftsman with scientific terms

C、learn the craftsman s experience by judging it carefully

D、gain the craftsman s experience without rejection

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第10题

Designing a lens can be compared to playing chess. In chess a player tries to trap his opp

onent's king in a series of moves. In creating a lens a lens designer attempts to "trap" light by forcing all the rays arising from a single point in the subject to focus on a single point in the image, as a consequence of their passing through a series of transparent(透明的) elements with precisely curved surfaces. Since in both cases the ultimate goal and the means by which it call be attained are known, one is tempted to think there will be a single best decision at any point along the way. The number of possible consequences flowing from any one decision is so large, however, as to be virtually, if not actually, infinite. Therefore in lens design, as in chess, perfect solutions to a problem arc beyond reach. Although this article will be concerned only with the design of photographic lenses, the same principles apply to all lenses.

The lens designer has one enormous advantage over the chess player: the designer is free to call on any available source of help to guide him through the staggering number of possibilities. Most of that help once came from mathematics and physics, but recently computer technology, information theory, chemistry, industrial engineering and psychophysics have all contributed to making the lens designer's job immeasurably more productive. Some of the lenses on the market today were inconceivable a decade ago. Others whose design is as much as a century out can now be mass-produced at low cost. With the development of automatic production methods, lenses are made by the millions, both out of glass and out of plastics. Today's lenses are better than the best lenses used by the great photographers of the past. Moreover, their price may lower, in spite of the fact that 19th-century craftsmen worked for only a few dollars a week and today's lenses are more complex. The lens designer cannot fail to be grateful for the science and technology that have made his work easier and his creations more widely available, but he is also humbled: it is no longer practical for a fine photographic lens to be designed from beginning to end by a single human mind.

Lens design and chess playing are similar in that______.

A．the final goal and the means by which it can be reached are known

B．perfect solutions to a problem can be found

C．any one decision at any point along the way to the goal can bring numerous possible results

D．both A and C

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