The term "quality of life" is difficult to define. It【B1】a very wide scope such as living

第1题

A．Human and wildlife health risks are being reduced.B．The ecological system will be re

A．Human and wildlife health risks are being reduced.

B．The ecological system will be restored in the near future.

C．Significant near -term improvement in water quality has been made.

D．Pollution enters and moves through the Great Lakes region.

点击查看答案

第2题

听力原文：Recently the term "health" has come to have a wider meaning than it used to. It n

听力原文： Recently the term "health" has come to have a wider meaning than it used to. It no longer means just the absence of illness. Today, health means the well-being of your body, your mind and your relationships with other people. This new concept of health is closely related to another term--quality of life. Quality of life is the degree of overall satisfaction that a person gets from life.

Why has the emphasis of health shifted from the absence of disease to a broader focus on the quality of a person's life？ One reason for this has to do with the length and conditions of life that people can now expect. Medical advances have made it possible for people today to live longer, healthier lives. Imagine for a moment that you were born in the year 1900；you could have expected on average to live until about the age of 47. In contrast, if you were born in the year 1999, you could expect to live to the age of 75 or be older.

(30)

A．Different interpretations of the term “health.”

B．Improving the quality of life

C．The importance of health to quality living.

D．People's expectations of a long and healthy life.

点击查看答案

第3题

听力原文：The term "satellite city" is used to describe the relationship between a large ci

听力原文： The term "satellite city" is used to describe the relationship between a large city and neighboring smaller cities and towns that are economically dependent upon it. Satellite cities may be collection and distribution points in the commercial linkages of a trading metropolis, or they may be manufacturing or mining centres existing with one-industry economies as the creatures of some nearby centre. This latter form. is what is generally meant when one uses the term "satellite city". Taken in this sense, nineteenth century Chicopee and Lowell, Massachusetts, were satellites of Boston. Both were mill towns created by Boston investors to serve the economy of that New England metropolis. Located on cheap land along water power sites in the midst of a farming region that could supply sufficient labor, they were satellites in the fullest sense of the term. Pullman, Illinois, and Gary, Indiana, were likewise one-industry towns created in conjunction with the much broader economy of nearby Chicago. Such places, as Vera Schlakman and Stanley Buder have pointed out in their excellent urban biographies, had a one-dimensional quality, a lack of social vigor. These cities could not stand alone; they were in a sense colonies of a multifunctional mother city.

(30)

A．It is a self-sufficient community.

B．It offers cheap land to people.

C．It tends to concentrate on a single product.

D．It lies within a space station orbiting the earth.

点击查看答案

第4题

The term "quality of life" is difficult to define. It【C1】______a very wide scope such as l

iving environment, health, employment, food, family life, friends, education, material possessions, leisure and【C2】______, and so on.【C3】______speaking, the quality of life, especially as seen by the individual, is meaningful in【C4】______of the degree to which these various areas of life are【C5】______or provide satisfaction to the individual. As activity carried【C6】______as one thinks fit during one' s spare time, leisure has the following【C7】______: relaxation, recreation and entertainment, and personal development. The importance of these【C8】______according to the nature of one's job and one's lifestyle. Thus, people who need to【C9】______much energy in their work will find relaxation most【C10】______in leisure. Those with a better education and in professional occupations may【C11】______more to seek recreation and personal development(e. g.【C12】______of skills and hobbies)in leisure. The specific use of leisure varies from individual to individual.【C13】______the same leisure activity may be used differently by different individuals. Thus, the following are possible uses of television watching, a(n)【C14】______leisure activity, a change of experience to provide【C15】______from the stress and【C16】______of work; to learn more about what is happening in one's environment; to provide an opportunity for understanding oneself by【C17】______other people's life experiences as portrayed(描绘)in the pro grams.【C18】______leisure is basically self-determined, one is able to take【C19】______one' s interests and preferences and get【C20】______in an activity in ways that will bring enjoyment and satisfaction.

【C1】

A．composes

B．consists

C．covers

D．constitutes

点击查看答案

第5题

The term“quality of life”is difficult to define. It【C1】______a very wide scope such as liv

ing environment, health, employment, food, family life, friends, education, material possessions, leisure and recreation, and so on.【C2】______speaking, the quality of life, especially【C3】______seen by the individual, is meaningful in terms of the【C4】______to which these various areas of life are【C5】______or provide satisfaction to the individual.

As activity carried【C6】______as one thinks fit during one's spare time, leisure has the following【C7】______relaxation, recreation and entertainment, and personal development. The importance of these varies according to the nature of one's job and one's lifestyle.【C8】______, people who need to【C9】______much energy in their work will find relaxation most【C10】______in leisure. Those with a better education and in professional occupations may【C11】______more to seek recreation and personal development(e. g.【C12】______of skills and hobbies)in leisure.

The specific use of leisure【C13】______from individual to individual.【C14】______the leisure activity may be used differently by different individuals. Thus, the follows are possible use of television watching, a【C15】______leisure activity, a change of experience to provide【C16】______from the stress and strain of work; to learn more about what is happening in one's environment; to provide an opportunity for understanding oneself by【C17】______other people's life experiences as【C18】______in the programs.

Since leisure is basically self-determined, one is able to take【C19】______one's interests and preferences and get【C20】______in an activity in ways that will bring enjoyment and satisfaction.

【C1】

A．composes

B．consists

C．covers

D．constitutes

点击查看答案

第6题

Are organically grown foods the best food choices？The advantages claimed for such foods ov

er【C1】______grown and marketed food products are now being debated.【C2】______of organic foods-a term whose meaning varies greatly-frequently proclaim that【C3】______products are safer and more nutritious than others．

The growing interest of【C4】______in the safety and nutritional quality of the typical North American diet is a welcome development.【C5】______，much of this interest has been sparked by sweeping claims that the food supply is unsafe or inadequate in meeting nutritional needs.Although most of these【C6】______are not supported by scientific evidence，the preponderance(优势)of written material【C7】______such claims makes it difficult for the general public to separate fact from【C8】______．As a result，claims that eating a diet【C9】______entirely of organically grown foods prevents or【C10】______disease or provides other benefits to health have become widely【C11】______and form. the basis for folklore．Almost daily the public is【C12】______by claims for“no-aging”diets，new vitamins and other【C13】______foods．There are numerous unsubstantiated reports that【C14】______vitamins are superior to synthetic ones，that fertilized eggs are nutritionally【C15】______than unfertilized eggs and the【C16】______．

One thing that most organically grown food products seem to have in common is that they【C17】______more than conventionally grown foods．But in many cases consumers are【C18】______if they believe organic foods can maintain health and provide better nutritional quality than conventionally grown foods．So there is real cause for concern if consumers particularly those with【C19】______incomes，distrust the【C20】______food supply and buy only expensive organic foods instead．

【C1】

A．conventional

B．traditional

C．formal

D．normal

点击查看答案

第7题

AutomationThe term automation was coined around 1946 by the automobile industry to describ

Automation

The term automation was coined around 1946 by the automobile industry to describe the increased use of automatic devices and controls in mechanized production lines. Today, it is widely used in a manufacturing context but is also applied outside of manufacturing in connection with a variety of systems in which there is a significant substitution of mechanical, electrical, or computerized action for human effort and intelligence. An operation is commonly described as automated if it is Substantially more automatic than its predecessor.

In its most general usage, automation can be defined as a technology concerned with carrying out a process by means of programmed commands combined with the automatic feedback of data relating to the execution of those commands. The resulting system is capable of operating without human intervention. The development of this technology has become increasingly dependent on the use of computers and computer-related technologies. As a consequence, automated systems have become sophisticated and complex. Advanced systems of this sort now represent a level of capability and performance that surpass in many ways the abilities of humans to accomplish the same activities.

Automation technology has matured to a point where a number of other technologies have developed from it and have achieved a recognition and status of their own. Robotics is one such technology. It is a specialized branch of automation in which the automated machine possesses certain characteristics. The most typical humanlike characteristic of a modern industrial robot is its powered mechanical arm. The robot's arm can be programmed to do a sequence of motions to perform. useful tasks, such as loading and unloading parts at a production machine or making a sequence of spot-welds on the body of an automobile. The robot will repeat the motion pattern until it is reprogrammed to perform. some alternative task. As these examples of robot applications suggest, an industrial robot is typically used to replace a human worker in a factory operation.

The field of robotics has its roots in the development of automation technology. Numerical control (NC) and telecherics are two important areas of technology that constitute the foundations of robotics technology.

Over the years, the social merits of automation have been argued by labour leaders, government officials, business executives, and college professors. No doubt the biggest controversy has focused on the employment issue: What is the effect of automation on employment？ There are other important aspects of the automation issue as well, including its effect on productivity, economic competition, education, and quality of life.

The advantages commonly attributed to automation include increased production rates, more efficient use of materials, better product quality, improved safety, shorter workweeks for labour, and reduction of factory lead times.

Automated machines are usually designed to operate at higher production rates than humans are capable of achieving. This increased productivity has been one of the biggest reasons for justifying the adoption of automated systems. Notwithstanding the claims of high quality from good workmanship by humans, automated systems are generally capable of carrying out the manufacturing process with less variability that humans make, thus yielding greater control and consistency of product quality. In addition, the increased process control makes possible more efficient use of materials, resulting in less waste.

Automated manufacturing systems often, remove workers from the workplace, thus safeguarding them against hazards in the work environment. In the United States, the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 (OSHA) was enacted with the objective of making work safer and protecting the physical well-being of the worker on a

A．Y

B．N

C．NG

点击查看答案

第8题

听力原文：As the new sales director for a national computer firm, Alex Gordon was looking f

听力原文： As the new sales director for a national computer firm, Alex Gordon was looking forward to his first meeting with the company's district managers. Everyone arrived on time, and Alex's presentation went extremely well. He decided to end the meeting with the conversation about the importance of the district managers to the company's plans. "I believe we are going to continue to increase our share of the market," he began, "because of the quality of the people in this room. The district manager is the key to the success of the sales representatives in his district. He sets the term for everyone else. If he has ambitious goals and is willing to put in long hours, everyone in his unit will follow his example." When Alex was finished, he received polite applauses, but hardly the warm response he had hoped for. Later he spoke with one of the senior managers. "Things were going so well until the end", Alex said disappointedly. "Obviously, I said the wrong thing." "Yes", the district manager replied. "Half of our managers are women. Most have worked their way up from sales representatives, and they are very proud of the role they played in the company's growth. They don't care at all about political correctness. But they were definitely surprised and distressed to be referred to as 'he' in your speech. "

Who did Alex Gordon speak to at the first meeting？

A．District managers.

B．Regular customers.

C．Sales directors.

D．Senior clerks.

点击查看答案

第9题

Creativity has been considered in terms of process, product or person and has been defined

as the interpersonal and the interpersonal process by means of which original, high quality, and genuinely significant products are developed. In dealing with young children, the focus should be on the process, which is seen as the basis of creative potential. When trying to understand this process, it is helpful to consider Guilford's differentiation between convergent and divergent thought. Problems associated with divergent thought often have one correct solution. But problems associated with divergent thought require the problem-solver to generate many solutions, a few of which will be novel, of high quality, and workable -- hence creative.

For a proper understanding of children's creativity, one must distinguish creativity from intelligence and talent. Ward expressed concern about whether creativity in young children could be differentiated from other cognitive abilities. More recent studies have shown that components of creative potential can indeed be distinguished from intelligence. The term "gifted" is often used to imply high intelligence. But Wallach has argued that intelligence and creativity are independent of each other, and a highly creative child may or may not be highly intelligent.

Creativity goes beyond possession and use of artistic talent. In this context, talent refers to the possession of a high degree of technical skill in a specialized area. Thus an artist may have wonderful technical skills, but may not succeed in evoking the emotional response that makes the viewer feel that a painting, for example, is unique. It is important to keep in mind that children's creativity is evidenced not only in music, art, or writing, but also in science, social studies and other areas.

Most measures of children's creativity have focused on ideational fluency. Ideational fluency tasks require children to generate as many responses as they can to a particular stimulus, as is done in brainstorming. Ideational fluency is generally considered to be a critical feature of the creative process. Children's response may be either popular or original, with the latter considered evidence of creative potential. Thus when we ask four-year-olds to tell us "all the things they can think of red," we find that children not only list wagons, apples, and cardinals, but also children pox and cold hands.

For young children, the focus of creativity should remain on process: the generation of ideas. Adult acceptance of multiple ideas in a non-evaluative atmosphere will help children generate more ideas or move to the next stage, which is self-evaluation. As children develop the ability for self-evaluation, issues of quality and the generation of products become more important. The emphasis at this stage should be on self-evaluation rather than evaluation by others, for these children are exploiting their abilities to generate and evaluate hypothesis and to revise their ideas based on that evaluation. Evaluation by others and criteria for genuinely significant products should be used only with older adolescents or adults.

The passage suggests that creativity in children is mostly closely related ______.

A．talent

B．intelligence

C．a higher degree of technical skills

D．the process of developing original ideas

点击查看答案

第10题

Reebok executives do not like to hear their stylish athletic shoes called" footwear for yu

ppies". They contend that Reebok shoes appeal to diverse market segments, especially now that the company offers basketball and children's shoes for the under-18 set and walking shoes for older customers not interested in aerobics(健身操)or running. The executives also point out that through recent acquisitions they have added hiking boots, dress and casual shoes, and high-performance athletic footwear to their product lines, all of which should attract new and varied groups of customers.

Still, despite its emphasis on new markets, Reebok plans few changes in the upmarket(高档消费人群的)retailing network that helped push sales to $1 billion annually, ahead of all other sports shoe marketers. Reebok shoes, which are priced from $27 to $85, will continue to be sold only in better specialty, sporting goods, and department stores, in accordance with the company's view that consumers judge the quality of the brand by the quality of its distribution.

In the past few years, the Massachusetts-based company has imposed limits on the number of its distributors (and the number of shoes supplied to stores), partly out of necessity. At times the unexpected demand for Reebok's exceeded supply, and the company could barely keep up with orders from the dealers it already had. These fulfillment problems seem to be under control now, but the company is still selective about its distributors. At present, Reebok shoes are available in about five thousand retail stores in the United States.

Reebok has already anticipated that walking shoes will be the next fitness-related craze, replacing aerobics shoes the same way its brightly colored, soft leather exercise footwear replaced conventional running shoes. Through product diversification and careful market research, Reebok hopes to avoid the distribution problems Nike came across several years ago, when Nike misjudged the strength of the aerobics shoe craze and was forced to unload huge inventories of running shoes through discount stores.

One reason why Reebok's managerial personnel don't like their shoes to be called "footwear for yuppies' is that ______.

A．they believe that their shoes are popular with people of different age groups

B．new production lines have been added to produce inexpensive shoes

C．yuppies usually evokes a negative image

D．the term makes people think of prohibitive prices

点击查看答案

第11题

Passage Four:Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.Reebok executives do no

t like to hear their stylish athletic shoes called “footwear for yuppies (雅皮士,少壮高薪职业人士)”. They contend that Reebok shoes appeal to diverse market segments, especially now that the company offers basketball and children’s shoes for the under-18 set and walking shoes for older customers not interested in aerobics (健身操) or running. The executives also point out that through recent acquisitions they have added hiking boots, dress and casual shoes, and high-performance athletic footwear to their product lines, all of which should attract new and varied groups of customers.

Still, despite its emphasis on new markets, Reebok plans few changes in the upmarket (高档消费人群的) retailing network that helped push sales to $1 billion annually, ahead of all other sports shoe marketers. Reebok shoes, which are priced from $27 to $85, will continue to be sold only in better specialty, sporting goods, and department stores, in accordance with the company’s view that consumers judge the quality of the brand by the quality of its distribution.

In the past few years, the Massachusetts-based company has imposed limits on the number of its distributors (and the number of shoes supplied to stores), partly out of necessity. At times the unexpected demand for Reebok’s exceeded supply, and the company could barely keep up with orders from the dealers it already had. These fulfillment problems seem to be under control now, but the company is still selective about its distributors. At present, Reebok shoes are available in about five thousand retail stores in the United States.

Reebok has already anticipated that walking shoes will be the next fitness-related craze, replacing aerobics shoes the same way its brightly colored, soft leather exercise footwear replaced conventional running shoes. Through product diversification and careful market research, Reebok hopes to avoid the distribution problems Nike came across several years ago, when Nike misjudged the strength of the aerobics shoe craze and was forced to unload huge inventories of running shoes through discount stores.

第36题：One reason why Reebok’s managerial personnel don’t like their shoes to be called “footwear for yuppies” is that ________.

A) they believe that their shoes are popular with people of different age groups

B) new production lines have been added to produce inexpensive shoes

C) “yuppies” usually evokes a negative image

D) the term makes people think of prohibitive prices

点击查看答案