Earthquakes may rightly be ranked as one of the most destructive forces known to man: si

第1题

It is difficult to accurately predict earthquakes because______.A．earthquakes may take pla

It is difficult to accurately predict earthquakes because______.

A．earthquakes may take place anywhere, anytime

B．earthquakes may happen unexpectedly under the sea

C．earthquakes may take place while people are asleep

D．the taking place of earthquakes involves many factors

点击查看答案

第2题

By observing the behavior. of animals, scientists may be able to ______.A．prevent disaster

By observing the behavior. of animals, scientists may be able to ______.

A．prevent disasters

B．organize groups of people

C．predict earthquakes

D．control areas of California

点击查看答案

第3题

Earthquakes may rightly be ranked as one of the most destructive forces known to man: si

nce records began to be written down,it has been estimated that earthquake related fatalities have numbered in the millions,and that earthquake related destruction has been beyond calculation. The greater part of such damage and loss of life has been due to the collapse of buildings and the effects of rockslides,floods,fire,disease,tsunamis (gigantic sea waves),and other observable events resulting from earthquakes,rather than from the quakes themselves.The great majority of all earthquakes occur in two specific geographic areas. One such area covers the Pacific Ocean and its bordering landmasses. The other extends from the East Indians to the Ati as Mountains,including the Himalayas,Iran,Turkey,and the Alpine regions. it is in these two great belts or zones that ninety percent of all earthquakes take place; they may,however,happen anywhere at any time.This element of the unknown has for centuries added greatly to the dread and horror surrounding earthquakes,but in recent times there have been indications that earthquake forecast may be possible. By analying changes in animal behavior,atterms of movements in the earth' shell,variations in the earth' s force of ttracton,and the frequency with which minor earth shakes are observed,sientits have shown increasing sucess in predicting when and where earthquakes wil srike. As a result,a wondwide earthquake waring network is already in operation and has helped to prepare for (and thus lsse) the vest destruction that might otherwise have been taly unexpected.it is doubtful that man will ever be able to control earthquakes and get rid of their destructiveness

altogether,but as how and why earthquakes happen become better understood,man will become

more and more able to deal with their possible damage before they occur.

1. Which of the fllowing statements is true according to the passage？

A、Earthquake destruction is declining.

B、Earthquake forecast is improving.

C、Man is no longer fearful of earthquakes.

D、Man is capable of conquering earthquakes.

2.We can infer from the passage that quakes（）。

A、may not happen anywhere at any time

B、mostly strike in oceans and mountains

C、are unobservable in masses of land

D、are hardly the direct cause of ftalities

3.The phrase "this element of the unknown" (Line 1,Paragraph 3) refers to（）。

A、the extension of earthquake zones

B、the percentage of earthquake occurrences

C、when and where earthquakes may occur

D、what big damage earthquakes may cause

4.Man' sresearch on earthquake forecast at present is to（）。

A reduce the loss from earthquake disasters

B、lower the frequency of earthquakes

C release the energy that causes earthquakes

D、analyze the elationship between dfferenet earthquakes

5.Which of the following describes the author' s purpose in writing the passage？

A、Inform. the reader.

B、Entertain the reader.

C、Disprove a concept

D、Question a concept.

点击查看答案

第4题

Most earthquakes occur within the upper 15 miles of the earth's surface. But earthquakes c

an and do occur at all depths to about 460 miles. Their number decreases as the depth increases. At about 460 miles one earthquake occurs only every few years. Near the surface earthquakes may run as high as 100 in a month, but the yearly average does not vary much. In comparison with the total number of earthquakes each year, the number of disastrous earthquakes is very small.

The extent of the disaster in an earthquake depends on many factors. If you carefully build a toy house with an erect set, it will still stand no matter how much you shake the table. But if you build a toy house with a pack of cards, a slight shake of the table will make it fall. An earthquake in Agadir, Morocco, was not strong enough to be recorded on distant instruments, but it completely destroyed the city. Many stronger earthquakes have done comparatively little damage. If a building is well constructed and built on solid ground, it will resist an earthquake. Most deaths in earthquakes have been due to faulty building construction or poor building sites. A third and very serious factor is panic. When people rush out into narrow streets, more deaths will result.

The United Nations has played an important part in reducing the damage done by earthquakes. It has sent a team of experts to all countries known to be affected by earthquakes. Working with local geologists and engineers, the experts have studied the nature of the ground and the type of most practical building code for the local area. If followed, these suggestions will make disastrous earthquakes almost a thing of the past.

There is one type of earthquake disaster that little can be done about. This is the disaster caused by seismic (地震的) sea waves, or tsunamis. These are often called tidal (海潮的) waves, but the name is incorrect. They have nothing to do with tides.

In certain areas, earthquakes take place beneath the sea. These submarine earthquakes sometimes give rise to seismic sea waves. The waves are not noticeable out at sea because of their long wave length. But when they roll into harbors, they pile up into walls of water 6 to 60 feet high. The Japanese call them "tsunamis", meaning "harbor waves", because they reach a sizable height only in harbors.

Tsunamis (海啸) travel fairly slowly, at a speed of up to 500 miles an hour. An adequate warning system is in use to warn all shores likely to be reached by the waves.

But this only enables people to leave the threatened shores for higher ground. There is no way to stop the oncoming waves.

Which of the following CANNOT be concluded from the passage？

A．The number of earthquakes is closely related to depth.

B．Roughly the number of earthquakes varies much every year.

C．Earthquakes are most likely to occur within the upper 15 miles of the earth's surface.

D．Earthquakes are most likely to occur near the surfaces.

点击查看答案

第5题

Tsunami Up until December of 2004, the phenomena of tsunami was not on the minds of most o

Tsunami

Up until December of 2004, the phenomena of tsunami was not on the minds of most of the world's population. That changed on the morning of December 24, 2004 when an earthquake of moment magnitude 9.1 occurred along the oceanic trench off the coast of Sumatra in Indonesia. This large earthquake resulted in vertical displacement of the sea floor and generated a tsunami that eventually killed 280,000 people and affected the lives of several million people. Although people living on the coastline near the epicenter of the earthquake had little time or warning of the approaching tsunami, those living farther away along the coasts of Thailand, Sri Lanka, India, and East Africa had plenty of time to move to higher ground to escape. But, there was no tsunami warning system in place in the Indian Ocean, and although other tsunami warning centers attempted to provide a warning, there was no effective communication system in place. Unfortunately, it has taken a disaster of great magnitude to point out the failings of the world's scientific community and to educate almost every person on the planet about tsunami.

How Tsunamis Are Generated

There is an average of two destructive tsunamis per year in the Pacific basin. Pacific wide tsunamis are a rare phenomenon, occurring every 10-12 years on the average. Most of these tsunamis are generated by earthquakes that cause displacement of the seafloor.

Earthquakes cause tsunami by causing a disturbance of the seafloor. Thus, earthquakes that occur along coastlines or anywhere beneath the oceans can generate tsunami. The size of the tsunami is usually related to the size of the earthquake, with larger tsunami generated by larger earthquakes. But the sense of displacement is also important. Tsunamis are generally only formed when an earthquake causes vertical displacement of the seafloor. The 1906 earthquake near San Francisco California had a Richter Magnitude of about 7.1, yet no tsunami was generated because the motion on the fault (断层) was strike-slip motion with no vertical displacement. Thus, tsunami only occur if the fault generating the earthquake has normal or reverse displacement. Because of this, most tsunamis are generated by earthquakes that occur along the subduction boundaries of plates, along the oceanic trenches. Since the Pacific Ocean is surrounded by plate boundaries of this type, tsunamis are frequently generated by earthquakes around the margins of the Pacific Ocean.

Examples of Tsunami Generated by Earthquakes

May 22, 1960-A moment magnitude 9.5 earthquake occurred along the subduction zone off South America. Because the population of Chile is familiar with earthquakes and potential tsunami, most people along the coast moved to higher ground. 15 minutes after the earthquake, a tsunami with a run-up of 4.5 m hit the coast. The first wave then retreated, dragging broken houses and boats back into the ocean. Many people saw this smooth retreat of the sea as a sign they could ride their boats out to sea and recover some of the property swept away, by the first wave. But, about 1 hour later, the second wave traveling at a velocity of 166 km/hr crashed in with a run-up of 8 m. This wave crushed boats along the coast and destroyed coastal buildings. This was followed by a third wave traveling at only 83 km/hr that crashed in later with a run-up of 11 m, destroying all that was left of coastal villages. The resulting causalities listed 909 dead with 834 missing. In Hawaii, a tsunami warning system was in place and the tsunami was expected to arrive at 9:57 AM. It hit at 9:58 AM and 61 people died, mostly sightseers that wanted to watch the wave roll in at close range (obviously they were too close). The tsunami continued across the Pacific Ocean, eventually reaching Japan where it killed an additional 185 people.

Prediction and Early Warning

For areas located at

A．Y

B．N

C．NG

点击查看答案

第6题

A．He is not following the recipe.B．He is following the recipe.C．He is missing the righ

A．He is not following the recipe.

B．He is following the recipe.

C．He is missing the right pan to cook the pizza.

D．He is using the directions for a different food.

点击查看答案

第7题

The joke about doctors implies that, in the eyes of nurses, they are______.A．have the righ

The joke about doctors implies that, in the eyes of nurses, they are______.

A．have the right to enjoy some privileges

B．very conscious of their godlike role

C．not polite to new arrivals

D．busy even during lunch hours

点击查看答案

第8题

The scientist is not a person who gives the right answers ()the one who asks the righ

The scientist is not a person who gives the right answers （)the one who asks the righ

t questions.

A、however

B、but

C、than

点击查看答案

第9题

听力原文：When I first went to London as a student, I sat a lone during parties with my gla

听力原文： When I first went to London as a student, I sat a lone during parties with my glass of wine. I hoped people would think that I was having great thoughts and that someone might come up to me and say "Excuse me, I hope you won't mind my coming up to you like this. I don't want to interrupt your thoughts. But really, you are the only interesting-looking person in the room. May I talk to you？ It never happened. Here is some ad vice if you would like to be a good conversationalist. Be an attentive listener. Encourage others to talk about themselves. To be interesting, be interested. Ask questions that other people will enjoy answering. Encourage them to talk about themselves and what they have done. Remember that the people you are talking to are a hundred times more interested in themselves and their problems than they are in you and your problems. A person's toothache means more to that person than a famine in Africa which kills a million people. A pain in one's arm interests one more than forty earthquakes in America. Think of that the next time you start a conversation. Diogenes, the Greek philosopher who is sup posed to have lived in a barrel, said, "The reason why we have two ears and only one mouth is so that we may listen more and talk less."

(30)

A．Nobody came to talk to the speaker.

B．People didn't listen to the speaker attentively.

C．People kept interrupting the speaker.

D．People made fun of the speaker.

点击查看答案

第10题

听力原文： For most people, reading a newspaper has become a habit passed down from generat

ion to generation. I'm sure in a hundred years we will still be reading newspapers.

What basically makes news is what affects our lives-the big political stories, the coverage of the wars, earthquakes and other disasters, will continue much the same. I think there will be more coverage of scientific research, though. It's already happening in areas that may directly affect our lives, like genetic engineering. In the future, I think there will be more coverage of scientific explanations of why we feel as we do-as we develop a better understanding of how the brain operates and what our feelings really are.

It's quite possible that in the next century newspapers will be transmitted electronically from Fleet Street and printed out in our own home. In fact, I'm pretty sure that is how it will happen in the future. You will probably be able to choose from a menu; making up your own newspaper by picking out the things you want to read.

I think people have got it wrong when they talk about the competition between the different media. They actually feed off each other. Some people once foresaw that television would kill off newspapers, but that hasn't happened. What is read on the printed page lasts longer than pictures on a screen or sound lost in the air. And as for the Internet, it's never really pleasant to read something just on a screen.

(30)

A．It will cover more big political 'affairs.

B．It won't be printed in publishing houses.

C．It will cover more scientific research.

D．It will cover less disasters.

点击查看答案