题目内容
（请给出正确答案）
A.not a mental process
B.more of a physical process than a mental action
C.a process that involves our entire bodies
D.a process that involves the muscles as well as the brain
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更多“Some psychologists maintain th…”相关的问题
Some psychologists insist that dreams contain images with universal meanings.
A．Y
B．N
C．NG
Some psychologists claim that people ________ (出门在外时可能会感到孤独).
A、effects
B、affords
C、affects
D、efforts
听力原文：W: Now people are suffering more stress, especially women. I wonder what most people can do to relax themselves？
M: Well, I read of a global study about this. According to it, listening to music is what most people do to ease stress.
W: I guess, that's because we have easy access to music via radio, TV, personal CD players and so many other channels.
M: Yeah, and watching TV is listed as the next popular stress reliever, followed by taking a bath or shower.
W: Well, I've heard that it is quite popular in your country for people to consult psychologists and doctors.
M: I'm afraid that's not true. I believe only a few people think it's helpful.
W: I have noticed that our manager always looks energetic, even though he works more than 12 hours a day. Perhaps, he takes some specific medicine.
M: I know his recipe. He likes dancing and often visits bars alone so that he can dance to his heart's content.
W: So that's how it is. But when I feel anxious or exhausted, I prefer to take a walk or read a funny story.
M: That's not a bad idea. Meanwhile, you can find some other ways to relax yourself if they are suitable for you.
(23)
A．Listening to music.
B．Listening to CD players.
C．Watching TV.
D．Taking a bath.
W: Because they have to, legally I mean.
M: Exactly! In this case the reason is obvious, so we usually don't question it. But when the reason is not so obvious and especially when the behavior. could have negative consequences we'll more likely to feel a need to explain the causes of the behavior. Social psychologists have a term for this, for the process of explaining the causes of the behavior, it's called "causal attribution". And one theory suggests, there's a pattern in the way we go about attributing causes to people's behavior. According to this theory, there are two categories of reasons: internal factors and external factors. Again, Lisa, say you're driving down the road and all of a sudden some guy turns into the lane right in front of you, and you have to slam on your brakes to avoid an accident. How do you react？
W: I'll probably get very angry.
M: Because...
W: Well, he's not paying attention, he's a bad driver.
M: So you automatically attribute the driver's behavior. to an internal factor. He himself is to blame because he is careless.
W: So if I said it was because of heavy traffic or something, I'd be attributing his behavior. to an external factor, something beyond his control.
M: Good. Now how do we usually explain our own negative behavior？
W: We blame external factors.
M: That's right.
(23)
A．Common causes of anger.
B．Judging people's behavior.
C．Changing people's attitudes.
D．The effects of negative behavior.
W: Because they have to, legally I mean.
M: Exactly! In this case the reason is obvious, so usually we don't question it. But when the reason is not so obvious and especially when the behavior. could have negative consequences, we'll more likely to feel a need to explain the causes of the behavior. Social psychologists have a term for this, for the process of explaining the causes of the behavior, it's called "causal attribution". And one theory suggests, there's a pattern in the way we go about attributing causes to people's behavior. According to this theory, there are two categories of reasons: internal factors and external factors. Again, Lisa, say you're driving down the road and all of a sudden some guy turns into the lane right in front of you, and you have to slam on your brakes to avoid an accident. How do you react？
W: I'll probably get very angry.
M: Because...
W: Well, he's not paying attention, he's a bad driver.
M: So you automatically attribute, the driver's behavior. to an internal factor. He himself is to blame because he is careless.
W: So if I said it was because of heavy traffic or something, I'd be attributing his behavior. to an external factor, something beyond his control.
M: Good. Now how do we usually explain our own negative behavior？
W: We blame external factors.
M: That's right.
(23)
A．Common causes of anger.
B．Judging people's behavior.
C．Changing people's attitudes.
D．The effects of negative behavior.
A．To exercise their muscles.
B．To show that they understand the music.
C．To fully enjoy the music.
D．To experience the feeling of being a conductor.
Do women tend to devalue(贬低) the worth of their work？ Do they apply different standards to rewarding their own work more critically than they do to rewarding the work of others？ These were the questions asked by Michigan State University psychologists Lawrence Messe and Charlene Callahan-Levy. Past experiments had shown that when women were asked to decide how much to pay themselves and other people for the same job, they paid themselves less. Following up on this finding, Messe and Callahan-Levy designed experiments to test several popular explanations of why women tend to get less in pay situations.
One theory the psychologists tested was that women judge their own work more harshly than that of others. The subjects for the experiment testing this theory were men and women from the Michigan State undergraduate student body. The job the subjects were asked to perform. for pay was an opinion questionnaire(调查表) requiring a number of short essays on campus-related issues. After completing the questionnaire, some subjects were given six dollars in bills and change and were asked to decide payment for themselves. Others were given the same amount and were asked to decide payment for another subject who had also completed the questionnaire.
The psychologists found that, as in earlier experiments, the women paid themselves less than the men paid themselves. They also found that the women paid themselves less than they paid other women and less than the men paid the women. The differences were substantial. The average paid to women by themselves was $ 2.97. The average paid to men by themselves was $ 4.06. The average paid to women by others was $ 4.37. In spite of the differences, the psychologists found that the men and the women in the experiment evaluated their own performances on the questionnaire about equally and better than the expected performances of others.
On the basis of these findings, Messe and Callahan-Levy concluded that women's attachment of a comparatively low monetary value to their work cannot be based entirely on their judgment of their own ability.
The experiment designed in the passage would be most relevant to the formulation(陈述，表述) of a theory concerning the ______.
A．generally lower salaries received by women workers in comparison to men
B．reluctance of some women to enter professions that are traditionally dominated by men
C．anxiety expressed by some women workers in dealing with male supervisors
D．prejudices often suffered by women in attempting to enter the workforce
Even the most technically confident people often 【C9】______ instructions for the video or home computer in 【C10】______ of hands-on experience. And people frequently 【C11】______ little notice of consumer information, 【C12】______ on nutritional labels or in the small print of contracts. Psychologists researching reading 【C13】______ to assume that both beginners and 【C14】______ readers read everything put in front of them from start to finish. There are 【C15】______ among them about the 【C16】______ of eyes, memory and brain during the 【C17】______ . Some believe that fluent readers take 【C18】______ every letter or Word they see; others 【C19】______ that readers rely on memory or context to carry them from one phrase to another. But they have always assumed that the reading process is the same: reading starts, comprehension 【C20】______ , then reading stops.
【C1】
A．absolute
B．one
C．single
D．unique
