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Decades before the American Revolution of 1776, Jesse Fish, a native New Yorker, retreated

to an island off St. Augustine, Florida, to escape unhappy family situation. In a time he became Florida's first orange baron and his oranges were in great demand in London throughout the 1770's. The English found them juicy and sweet and preferred them to other varieties, even though they had thin skins and were hard to peel.

There would probably have been other successful commercial growers before Fish if Florida had not been under Spanish rule for some two hundred years. Columbus first brought seeds for citrus trees to the New World and planted them in the Antilles. But it was most likely Ponce de Le6n who introduced oranges to the North American continent when he discovered Florida in 1513. For a time, each Spanish sailor on a ship bound for America was required by law to carry one hundred seeds with him. Later, because seeds tended to dry out, all Spanish ships were required to carry young orange trees. The Spaniards planted citrus trees only for medicinal purpose, however, they saw no need to start commercial groves because oranges were so abundant in Spain.

What is the main topic of the passage?

A.The role of Florida in the American Revolution

B.The discovery of Florida by Ponce de Le6n in 1513

C.The history of the cultivation of oranges in Florida

D.The popularity of Florida oranges in London in the 1770's

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更多“Decades before the American Re…”相关的问题
第1题
听力原文:In the past few years, millions of Americans have become suddenly enthusiastic ab

听力原文: In the past few years, millions of Americans have become suddenly enthusiastic about the bicycle as if it were a great new invention. Annual bicycle sales doubled between 1960 and 1970, and there are nearly 70 million bicycles in the United States today.

Of course, the bicycle has been around for more than 160 years and this isn't America's first bicycle passion. A wave of bicycle enthusiasm swept the land in the late 1800s and bicycle production was up to two million in 18917. Then with the coming of the automobile, bicycle declined, and for decades remained popular only with children and a few adults.

Now, a national concern with air pollution and physical fitness has brought the bicycle back to the forefront, particularly with adults. More than eight million bikes were sold in the United States last year, a third of which bought by adults. But the year before, only 15 percent of new bicycle sales were for adults.

(33)

A.Nearly 7 million.

B.Nearly 17 million.

C.Nearly 70 million.

D.Nearly 77 million.

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第2题
听力原文:In the past two years, millions of Americans have suddenly embraced the bicycle a

听力原文: In the past two years, millions of Americans have suddenly embraced the bicycle as if it were a startling new invention. Annual bike sales doubled between 1960 and 1970, and there are nearly 70 million bikes in the United States today. That's more than two for every three automobiles.

Of course, the bike has been around for more than 150 years, and this isn't America's first bicycle boom. A wave of bike enthusiasm swept the land in the late 1800s and bicycle production hit two million units in 1897. Then with the coming of the auto, bicycling declined, and for decades remained popular only with children and a few adult faddists.

Now, national preoccupation with air pollution and physical fitness has brought the bike back to the forefront—particularly with adults. More than eight million bikes were sold in the United States last year and a third of them went to adults. The year before, only 15 percent of new bike sales were for adults.

(30)

A.The use of bikes is a new invention in the U.S.

B.Annual bike sales doubled in the 60s in the U.S.

C.The producers made 70 million bikes every year.

D.The number of bikes is two times that of cars in the U.S.

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第3题
听力原文:Wilma Subra had no intention of becoming a public speaker. After graduating from

听力原文: Wilma Subra had no intention of becoming a public speaker. After graduating from college with degrees in chemistry and microbiology, she went to work at Gulf South Research Institute in Louisiana. As part of her job, she conducted field research on toxic substances in the environment—often in minority communities located near large industrial polluters. She found many families were being exposed to high, sometimes deadly levels of chemicals and other toxic substances. But she was not allowed to make information public. Frustrated by the restrictions, Subra left her job in 1981, created her own company, and has devoted the past two decades to helping people fight back against giant industrial polluters. She works with families and community groups to conduct environmental tests, interpret test results, and organize for change. Because of her efforts, dozens of toxic sites across the country have been cleaned up. And one chemical industry spokesperson calls her a top gun for the environmental movement. How has Subra achieved all this? Partly through her scientific training, partly through her commitment to environmental justice. But just as important is her ability to communicate with people through public speaking. "Public speaking", she says, "is the primary vehicle I use for reaching people". If you had asked Subra before 1981: Do you see yourself as a major public speaker? She would have laughed at the idea. Yet today, she gives more than 100 presentations a year. Along the way she's lectured at Harvard, testified before the Congress and addressed the audiences in 40 states, as well as in Mexico, Canada and Japan.

(33)

A.She engaged in field research on environmental pollution.

B.She helped families move away from industrial polluters.

C.She taught chemistry and microbiology courses in a college.

D.She gave lectures on how to become a public speaker.

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第4题
听力原文:The United Kingdom will seek a closer tie with China in its bid to make the count

听力原文: The United Kingdom will seek a closer tie with China in its bid to make the country one of the leading business partner in the world of economic globalization, a senior trade official has said. "China, with its massive influence in global trade, is of great importance to U.K.'s trade and industry, which is trying to attract a new wave of high-value investment," Alistair Darling, Britain's Secretary of State for Trade and Industry, said in the weekend before his visit to China. Darling, who will visit Beijing, Shanghai and Hong Kong, is on his first ever trip to China's mainland. Darling, who will lead a 15-strong delegation, said that Sino-British trade ties will be strengthened through mutual investment, not only trade.

The U.K., whose manufacturing industry has shrunk much during its economic structure readjustment in the past decades, finds that it has opportunities in helping China in fields like environment protection and power plant building. The British Trade and Industry leader said that globalization provides a tremendous opportunity for both the U.K. and China in which both countries could cooperate to curb climate change and improve bilateral trade. Darling was appointed Secretary of State for Trade and Industry, replacing Alan Johnson in the government reshuffle in May.

(30)

A.Britain's Secretary of State for Foreign Trade.

B.Britain's Secretary of State for Trade and Industry.

C.Britain's Secretary of State for Investment.

D.Britain's Secretary of State for Commerce.

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第5题
听力原文:As you prepare to become elementary school teachers, you'll be hearing a lot of d

听力原文: As you prepare to become elementary school teachers, you'll be hearing a lot of discussions about the relevance of teaching penmanship. Now years ago when I was studying education in college, reading, writing and arithmetic were the basics of elementary school education. It went without saying that writing meant first and foremost penmanship. That is, the neatness of a child's handwriting. It was considered so important that sometimes prizes were even awarded for the best handwriting. But when we move ahead a few decades into the 1980s, we see teachers and administrators and even parents telling us that teaching penmanship is a waste of time. With computers, they said, children can successfully manipulate the keyboard or mouse of their home computers before they can even hold a pencil.

This change in attitude had an impact on the classroom. In your homework for this week you'll be looking at what statewide curricular standards in the US say about penmanship. You'll see that in many states penmanship has been deemphasized in a required curriculum, especially in the later years of elementary school. In California, for example, the curriculum calls for fourth-grade students to... and I quote, "write fluently and legibly in cursive or grades." But after this, the curriculum makes no further mention of penmanship in Grades Five, Six or beyond. Any higher level of quality or neatness is simply not among the curricular objectives. Your assignment is to look at what the curricular standards for all fifty states say about penmanship.

(33)

A.It's now taught with the aid of computers.

B.It isn't considered as important today as it was in the past.

C.Children today learn it earlier than those did in the past.

D.A lot of time is spent teaching it.

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第6题
We have a crisis on our hands. You mean global warming? The world economy? No, the decline
of reading. People are just not doing it anymore, especially the young. Who's responsible? Actually, it's more like, What is responsible? The internet, of course, and everything that comes with it—Facebook, Twitter (微博). You can write your own list.

There's been a warning about the imminent death of literate civilization for a long time. In the 20th century, first it was the movies, then radio, then television that seemed to spell doom for the written world. None did. Reading survived; in fact it not only survived, it has flourished. The world is more literate than ever before—there are more and more readers, and more and more books.

The fact that we often get our reading material online today is not something we should worry over. The electronic and digital revolution of the last two decades has arguably shown the way forward for reading and for writing. Take the arrival of e-book readers as an example. Devices like Kindle make reading more convenient and are a lot more environmentally friendly than the traditional paper book.

As technology makes new ways of writing possible, new ways of reading are possible. Interconnectivity allows for the possibility of a reading experience that was barely imaginable before. Where traditional books had to make do with photographs and illustrations, and e-book can provide readers with an unlimited number of links: to texts, pictures, and videos. In the future, the way people write novels, history, and philosophy will resemble nothing seen in the past.

On the other hand, there is the danger of civilization. One twitter group is offering its followers single-sentence-long "digests" of the great novels. War and Peace in a sentence? You must be joking. We should fear the fragmentation of reading. There is the danger that the high-speed connectivity of the Internet will reduce our attention span—that we will be incapable of reading anything of length or which requires deep concentration.

In such a fast-changing world, in which reality seems to be remade each day, we need the ability to focus and understand what is happening to us. This has always been the function of literature and we should be careful not to let it disappear. Our society needs to be able to make sense of a dynamic, confusing world.

In the 15th century, Johannes Guttenberg's invention of the printing press in Europe had a huge impact on civilization. Once upon a time the physical book was a challenging thing. We should remember this before we assume that technology is out to destroy traditional culture.

Which of the following paragraphs briefly reviews the historical challenges for reading?

A.Paragraph One.

B.Paragraph Two.

C.Paragraph Three.

D.Paragraph Four.

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第7题
For years, decades in fact, I've puzzled over the response most people have when I
tell them I mostly travel alone.

"You're so brave!"

Why is it that a woman travelling alone, as I have often done for months at a time, is perceived to be "brave", whereas men who travel alone are entirely unremarkable?

You are only brave when you are afraid of something but still do it anyway.I have never been afraid of travelling alone.

The first time I travelled alone was when I was19.I was due to travel in Europe with a friend at the end of the summer.She announced by letter two days before our departure that she would be leaving me halfway at Vienna.It was too late by then to rope in another friend, so it was either to go home after Vienna, or keep going by myself.I kept going.I got on trains by myself, checked into hostels by myself and found my way around by myself.It was weird at first, but later I stopped worrying about it.

When I got back to Ireland after that trip, I felt proud of myself.I had done something I had assumed would be hard, and it had turned out to be not hard at all.

That was three decades ago, and since then I have travelled all over the world, usually on my own.I still do what I did then, which is to keep a diary.The greatest gift of solo travel has been those I've met along the way.I may have set off alone each time but I've encountered many people who became important to me.I met my husband in Kathmandu, Nepal.I met lifelong friends in Australia, Poland, Hungary, Turkey, India, Indonesia and many other places.

(1)What makes the author puzzled when she tells people of her experience?()

APeople's disbelief.

B.People's response.

C.People's approval.

D.People's criticism.

(2)What does the author say about her first time to travel alone?()

A.It was a trip by design.

B.She had to choose to go by herself.

C.It was harder than expected.

D.She set off all alone.

(3)What do the underlined words "solo travel" in the last paragraph mean?()

A.Group Travel.

B.Travelling with friends.

C.Travelling alone.

D.Travelling with music.

(4)How has the author benefited from her travel?()

A.She has overcome her fear of travelling alone.

B.She has written a couple of books.

C.She has received a great many gifts.

D.She has met many people all the way.

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第8题
According to BTs futurologist, Ian Pearson, these are among the developments scheduled for
the first few decades of the new millennium(a period of 1, 000 years), when supercomputers will dramatically accelerate progress in all areas of life. Pearson has【C1】______together to work of hundreds of researchers around the world to produce a【C2】______millennium technology calendar that gives the latest dates when we can expect hundreds of key【C3】______and discoveries to take place. Some of the biggest developments will be in medicine, including an【C4】______life expectancy and dozens of artificial organs【C5】______into use between now and 2040. Pearson also【C6】______a breakthrough in computer human links. "By linking【C7】______to our nervous system, computers could pick up【C8】______we feel and, hopefully, simulate【C9】______too so that we can start to【C10】______full sensory environments, rather like the holidays in Total Recall or the Star Trek holodeck(甲板演习)," he says. But that, Pearson points【C11】______is only the start of man-machine【C12】______: "It will be the beginning of the long process of integration that will【C13】______lead to a fully electronic human before the end of the next century. "【C14】______his research, Pearson is able to put dates to most of the breakthroughs that can be predicted. However, there are still no【C15】______for when faster-than-light travel will be【C16】______or when human cloning will be perfected, or when time travel will be possible. But he does【C17】______social problems as a result of technological advances. A boom in neighborhood surveillance cameras will, for example, 【C18】______problems in 2010 , while the arrival of synthetic【C19】______robots will mean people may not be able to【C20】______between their human friends and the droids(机器人). And home appliances will also become so smart that controlling and operating them will result in the breakout of a new psychological disorder-kitchen rage.

【C1】

A.taken

B.pieced

C.kept

D.made

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第9题
The word "laser" was coined as an acronym for Light Amplification by the Stimulated Emissi
on of Radiation. Ordinary light, from the Sun of a light bulb, is emitted spontaneously, when atoms or molecules get rid of excess energy by themselves, without any outside intervention. Stimulated emission is different because it occurs when an atom of molecules holding onto excess energy has been stimulated to emit it as light.

Albert Einstein was the first to suggest the existence of stimulated emission in a paper published in 1917. However, for many years physicists thought that atoms and molecules always were much more likely to emit light spontaneously and that stimulated emission thus always would be much weaker. It was not until after the Second World War that physicists began trying to make stimulated emission dominate. They sought ways by which one atom or molecule could stimulate many others to emit light, amplifying it to much higher powers.

The first to succeed was Charles H. Townes, then at Columbia University in New York. Instead of working with light, however, he worked with microwaves, which have a much longer wavelength, and built a device he called a "maser", for Microwave Amplification by the Stimulated Emission of Radiation. Although he thought of the key idea in 1951, the first maser was not completed until a couple of years later. Before long, many other physicists were building masers and trying to discover how to produce stimulated emission at even shorter wavelengths.

The key concepts emerged about 1957. Townes and Arthur Schawlow, at Bell Telephone Laboratories, wrote a long paper outlining the conditions needed to amplify stimulated emission of visible light waves. At about the same time, similar ideas crystallized in the mind of Gordon Gould, then a 37-year-old graduate student at Columbia, who wrote them down in a series of notebooks. Townes and Schawlow published their ideas in a scientific journal, Physical Review Letter, but Gould fried a patent application. Three decades later, people still argue about who deserves the credit for the concept of the laser.

The word "intervention" (Line 3, Para. 1) can best be replaced by ______.

A.need

B.device

C.influence

D.reproduction

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第10题
It may take large bodies of water and ice decades to respond to changes in temperature.A.Y

It may take large bodies of water and ice decades to respond to changes in temperature.

A.Y

B.N

C.NG

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